de-Testing and de-Grading Schools: Authentic Alternatives to Accountability and Standardization: Counterpoint S.

A century of education and education reform along with the last three decades of high-stakes testing and accountability reveals a disturbing paradox: Education has a steadfast commitment to testing and grading despite decades of research, theory, and philosophy that reveal the corrosive consequences of both testing and grading within an education system designed to support human agency and democratic principles. This edited volume brings together a collection of essays that confronts the failure of testing and grading and then offers practical and detailed examinations of implementing at the macro and micro levels of education teaching and learning free of the weight of testing and grading. The book explores the historical failure of testing and grading; the theoretical and philosophical arguments against testing and grading; the negative influence of testing and grading on social justice, race, class, and gender; and the role of testing and grading in perpetuating a deficit perspective of children, learning, race, and class. The chapters fall under two broad sections: Part I: 'Degrading Learning, Detesting Education: The Failure of High-Stake Accountability in Education' includes essays on the historical, theoretical, and philosophical arguments against testing and grading; Part II: 'De-Grading and De-Testing in a Time of High-Stakes Education Reform' presents practical experiments in de-testing and de-grading classrooms for authentic learning experiences.