This book is an English translation of Essays on Marx’s Theory of Value, first published by Isaak Illich Rubin in 1923 in the Soviet Union. This translation is presented as a variorum edition, including for the first time in English all the essential supplementary materials related to this foundational work in Marxist value theory. Rubin's book sparked a fierce value controversy with contemporary Soviet economists during the 1920s. In addition to Rubin’s main work, this edition includes his four most important related publications, as well as ten debate articles written and published by his contemporary proponents and opponents.