Welcome to the proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on High- Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC 2006), which was held in Munich, Germany, September 13–15, 2006. This year’s conference marks the second edition of the HPCC conference series, and we are honored to serve as the Chairmen of this event with the guidance of the HPCC Steering Chairs, Beniamino Di Martino and Laurence T. Yang. Withthe rapidgrowthincomputingandcommunicationtechnology,thepast decadehas witnessed a proliferationof powerfulparallelanddistributed systems and an ever-increasing demand for the practice of high-performance computing and communication (HPCC). HPCC has moved into the mainstream of c- puting and has become a key technology in future research and development activities in many academic and industrial branches, especially when the so- tion of large and complex problems must cope with very tight time constraints. The HPCC 2006 conference provides a forum for engineers and scientists in academia, industry, and governmentto address all resulting profound challenges and to present and discuss their new ideas, research results, applications, and experience on all aspects of HPCC. There was a very large number of paper submissions (328), not only from Europe, but also from Asia and the Paci?c, and North and South America. This number of submissions represents a substantial increase of contributions compared to the ?rst year of HPCC, which clearly underlines the importance of this domain. AllsubmissionswerereviewedbyatleastthreeProgramCommitteemembers or external reviewers. It was extremely di?cult to select the presentations for theconferencebecausethereweresomanyexcellentandinterestingsubmissions.