This volume presents some of the latest research surrounding cancer. Chapter One provides a background on the importance of magnesium homeostasis, reviews the pre-clinical and clinical studies using magnesium therapy for cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury, and proposes future investigations to improve the translatability of these results to cancer treatment. Chapter Two discusses various liquid biomarkers of ovarian cancer such as exosomes, cell free DNA, miRNAs, circulating tumor cells, secretory proteins and autoantibodies and their subsequent detection via various nanobiosensors. Chapter Three explores the potential of mouse xenograft models for elucidating resistance mechanisms to cancer therapeutics. Chapter Four summarizes melatonin's beneficial effects in ovarian follicular cells and oocytes, followed by a comprehensive description of melatonin as an alternative treatment for ovarian cancer. Chapter Five deals with the gene signatures potentially implicated in the development of endometrial cancer. Lastly, Chapter Six updates current understanding of the role of glucocorticoid receptor-mediated actions in triple-negative breast cancer.