Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system, it is usually used to refer to those related to atherosclerosis. Chronic heart failure (CHF) has emerged as a major world-wide epidemic. This book gathers the latest research in cardiovascular disease with a focus on such topics as electrical restitution and ventricular tachyarrhythmia; radiation hazards in cardiac intervention; surgical management of chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation; platelet biology in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and the role of HMGB1 in cardiac dysfunction during septic shock.