Menasseh ben Israel (1604-1657) was one of the most important Rabbis of the Early ModernAge in Europe. He became known primarily through his leading role in negotiating the readmission of the Jews to England. The England negotiations, however, were only the final chapter of a life-long program, which is fully examined in detail for the first time in this work. Menasseh is introduced as a Jewish scholar, who – despite all the success he achieved in the Christian world – also failed because his path between mediation and self-realization was understood only by a very few.