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Lactic acid fermentation of human excreta for agricultural application: IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series

Autor Nadejda Andreev
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 27 sep 2018
Human excreta is a valuable fertilizer for improving soil quality and crop productivity, with a potential to replace or complement the mineral fertilizers. The main challenges related to human excreta regarding agricultural applications are microbial contamination risks, loss of nutrients, and odor issues. Fertilization by lacto-fermented faeces supplemented by biochar has benefits such as improved soil bulk density, nitrate and potassium concentrations as well as the yield and yield components of corn, compared to untreated, simple stored faeces, urine, cattle manure, and unfertilized controls. Even though the mineral fertilizer produced corn with significantly higher height and leaf length, it did not add significantly higher yields than lacto-fermented faeces supplemented by biochar.
A faeces treatment process by combined lacto-fermentation with thermophilic composting and biochar supplementation had better reduction of coliforms, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Clostridium perfringens, and higher germination of radish and growth of tomatoes than combined lacto-fermentation with vermicomposting. Urine lacto-fermentation contributed to a pH reduction below 4, a decrease in the ammonium concentration and odor strength, as well as an increase in the germination rates compared to untreated stored urine.
The results of this study provide important information that can set the basis for scaling up a sustainable technology for the treatment of source separated human excreta while improving its potential for resource recovery.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781138373570
ISBN-10: 1138373575
Pagini: 224
Dimensiuni: 174 x 246 mm
Greutate: 0.45 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: CRC Press
Colecția CRC Press
Seria IHE Delft PhD Thesis Series


Public țintă

Postgraduate

Cuprins

1. Introduction
2. Lacto-fermentation for sustainable reuse of human excreta: literature review
3. Lacto-fermentation combined with thermophilic composting and vermi-composting of source separated faeces for safe agricultural application
4. The effect of lacto-fermented faeces and bio-waste supplemented by biochar on soil quality, growth and yield of corn Zea mays L.
5. The influence of lacto-fermented faeces and biowaste supplemented by biochar on soil moisture, nitrate content and yield components of corn Zea mays L.
6. Lactic acid fermentation of human urine to improve its fertilizing value
7. General discussion and outlook

Descriere

Lacto-fermentation is a low-cost technique for reducing nitrogen loss, speeds up the hygienization process and reduces odor emissions in source separated human faeces and urine. When combined with thermophilic composting and biochar supplementation it will produce safe soil conditioners without the need for turning and aeration and will enhance plant germination and growth. Lacto-fermented faeces and biochar produce similar or higher crop yield than mineral fertilizer and improves soil quality compared to simple stored urine, faeces and cattle manure. It prevents urea hydrolysis, nitrogen volatilization, enhances germination and reduces odor emissions compared to untreated stored urine.