Multimodal Biometric and Machine Learning Technologies: Applications for Computer Vision

Sandeep Kumar, PhD, is a professor in Computer Science & Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Educational Foundation, India, He has published more than 150 journal articles and conference papers, 20 patents, and authored 13 books.
Deepika Ghai, PhD, is an assistant professor at Lovely Professional University, India. She has published more than 35 research papers in refereed journals and conferences. She received the Dr. C.B. Gupta Award in 2021 at Lovely Professional University.
Arpit Jain, PhD, is a professor at the Koneru Lakshmamai University Education Foundation, Vijayawada, A.P., India. He has published more than 40 research papers in international journals, filed 25+ patents as well as authored/edited five books.
Suman Lata Tripathi, PhD, is a professor at Lovely Professional University with more than 21 years of experience in academics. She has published more than 105 research papers in refereed journals and conferences. She has published three books and currently has multiple volumes scheduled for publication from Wiley-Scrivener.
Shilpa Rani, PhD, is an associate professor at the Neil Gogte Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, India, and specializes in computer science & engineering. She has authored seven books, more than 50 journal articles conference papers, as well as 14 patents.

Preface xiii 1 Multimodal Biometric in Computer Vision 1 Sunayana Kundan Shivthare, Yogesh Kumar Sharma and Ranjit D. Patil 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Importance of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Biometric System 2 1.3 Machine Learning 4 1.4 Deep Learning 6 1.5.1 Discussions 11 1.6 Biometric System 11 1.7 Need for Multimodal Biometric 15 1.8 Databases Used by Biometric System 17 1.9 Impact of DL in the Current Scenario 19 1.10 Conclusion 24 2 A Vaccine Slot Tracker Model Using Fuzzy Logic for Providing Quality of Service 31 Mohammad Faiz, Nausheen Fatima and Ramandeep Sandhu 2.1 Introduction 32 2.2 Related Research 33 2.3 Novelty of the Proposed Work 37 2.4 Proposed Model 38 2.5 Proposed Fuzzy-Based Vaccine Slot Tracker Model 42 2.6 Simulation 44 2.7 Conclusion 47 2.8 Future Work 50 3 Enhanced Text Mining Approach for Better Ranking System of Customer Reviews 53 Ramandeep Sandhu, Amritpal Singh, Mohammad Faiz, Harpreet Kaur and Sunny Thukral 3.1 Introduction 53 3.2 Techniques of Text Mining 55 3.3 Related Research 58 3.4 Research Methodology 63 3.5 Conclusion 67 4 Spatial Analysis of Carbon Sequestration Mapping Using Remote Sensing and Satellite Image Processing 71 Prashantkumar B. Sathvara, J. Anuradha, R. Sanjeevi, Sandeep Tripathi and Ankitkumar B. Rathod 4.1 Introduction 72 4.2 Materials and Methods 75 4.3 Results 77 4.4 Conclusion 79 5 Applications of Multimodal Biometric Technology 85 Shivalika Goyal and Amit Laddi 5.1 Introduction 85 5.2 Components of MBS 87 5.3 Biometrics Modalities 89 5.4 Applications of Multimodal Biometric Systems 89 5.5 Conclusion 97 6 A Study of Multimodal Colearning, Application in Biometrics and Authentication 103 Sandhya Avasthi, Tanushree Sanwal, Ayushi Prakash and Suman Lata Tripathi 6.1 Introduction 104 6.2 Multimodal Deep Learning Methods and Applications 108 6.3 MMDL Application in Biometric Monitoring 113 6.4 Fusion Levels in Multimodal Biometrics 116 6.5 Authentication in Mobile Devices Using Multimodal Biometrics 119 6.6 Challenges and Open Research Problems 122 6.7 Conclusion 123 7 A Structured Review on Virtual Reality Technology Application in the Field of Sports 129 Harmanpreet Kaur, Arpit Kulshreshtha and Deepika Ghai 7.1 Introduction 130 7.2 Related Work 132 7.3 Conclusion 142 8 A Systematic and Structured Review of Fuzzy Logic-Based Evaluation in Sports 145 Harmanpreet Kaur, Sourabh Chhatiye and Jimmy Singla 8.1 Introduction 146 8.2 Related Works 148 8.3 Conclusion 159 9 Machine Learning and Deep Learning for Multimodal Biometrics 163 Danvir Mandal and Shyam Sundar Pattnaik 9.1 Introduction 163 9.2 Machine Learning Using Multimodal Biometrics 165 9.3 Deep Learning Using Multimodal Biometrics 167 9.4 Conclusion 169 10 Machine Learning and Deep Learning: Classification and Regression Problems, Recurrent Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks 173 R. K. Jeyachitra and Manochandar, S. 10.1 Introduction 174 10.2 Classification of Machine Learning 174 10.3 Supervised Learning 175 10.4 Unsupervised Learning 201 10.5 Reinforcement Learning 203 10.6 Hybrid Approach 204 10.7 Other Common Approaches 205 10.8 DL Techniques 210 10.9 Conclusion 219 11 Handwriting and Speech-Based Secured Multimodal Biometrics Identification Technique 227 Swathi Gowroju, V. Swathi and Ankita Tiwari 11.1 Introduction 228 11.2 Literature Survey 230 11.3 Proposed Method 231 11.4 Results and Discussion 237 11.5 Conclusion 248 12 Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Multimodal Biometric Recognition System for Banking Sector on Fusion of Face and Finger 251 Sandeep Kumar, Shilpa Choudhary, Swathi Gowroju and Abhishek Bhola 12.1 Introduction 252 12.2 Literature Work 253 12.3 Proposed Work 256 12.4 Results and Discussion 260 12.5 Conclusion 265 13 Secured Automated Certificate Creation Based on Multimodal Biometric Verification 269 Shilpa Choudhary, Sandeep Kumar, Monali Gulhane and Munish Kumar 13.1 Introduction 270 13.2 Literature Work 274 13.3 Proposed Work 276 13.4 Experiment Result 278 13.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 279 14 Face and Iris-Based Secured Authorization Model Using CNN 283 Munish Kumar, Abhishek Bhola, Ankita Tiwari and Monali Gulhane 14.1 Introduction 284 14.2 Related Work 285 14.3 Proposed Methodology 287 14.4 Results and Discussion 291 14.5 Conclusion and Future Scope 296 References 297 Index 301