The 4th Symposium of the Hellenic Society for Archaeometry was held at the National Hellenic Research Foundation in Athens, from May 28 to 31, 2003. The 86 selected contributions presented in this volume, cover a wide spectrum of topics from novel methods in Archaeometry to applications of traditional techniques to various kinds of archaeological material. The thematic sessions of the Symposium included: Dating - Authenticity, Geophysical Prospection, Geoarchaeology, Palaeoenvironment - Palaeodiet, Palaeoanthropology, Material Characterisation Techniques, Ceramics, Glass, Stones, Mortars, Metals, Painting Media, Organics and Conservation.