Sexual Predation and TEFL: The Teaching of English as a Foreign Language Enables Sexual Predation: Critical New Literacies: The Praxis of English Language Teaching and Learning, cartea 17
Autor Vaughan Rapatahanaen Limba Engleză Paperback – 28 noi 2024
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9789004713574
ISBN-10: 9004713573
Pagini: 435
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0 kg
Editura: Brill
Colecția Brill
Seria Critical New Literacies: The Praxis of English Language Teaching and Learning
ISBN-10: 9004713573
Pagini: 435
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0 kg
Editura: Brill
Colecția Brill
Seria Critical New Literacies: The Praxis of English Language Teaching and Learning
Notă biografică
Vaughan Rapatahana Ph.D. (1996), University of Auckland, New Zealand, is a fulltime author across several genres, having had published over 40 books in several countries. He instigated and co-edited English Language as Hydra (Multilingual Matters, 2012) and Why English? Confronting the Hydra (Multilingual Matters, 2016).
Cuprins
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Introduction: Sexual Predation and TEFL—Teaching of English as a Foreign Language
1 The Locations Where Sexual Predation in TEFL Occurs
2 The Ascending Scale of Sexual Predation in the TEFL Industry
3 What and Where Is Sexual Exploitation, Harassment, and Predation?
4 The Size of the Problem
5 Methodology of This Book
6 Where Is the Literature?
7 An Outline of the Structure of This Book
1 The English Language Hydra
1 The Pull Factors behind the Hydra
2 The Push Factors behind the Hydra
3 Linguistic Imperialism Redux
4 The Us vs Them Power Schism
5 More Hydra Myths
6 The Hydra as Enabler of Sexual Imperialism
7 Coda: What Is This English Anyway?
2 Native-Speaking English Teachers (NETS)
1 White NETS
2 NET Opposition to Criticisms
3 What about Local English Teachers (LETS) of EFL as Agents of Sexual Predation? What about Expatriate Teachers of Other Subjects?
4 A Summary So Far
3 Aid Agencies, Voluntourism, Orphanage Tourism and TEFL
4 The Attraction of Teaching and Learning English Overseas
1 Why TEFL NETS Travel. What Draws Them to Do So?
2 Definitions and Motivations of NETS
3 The Sexual Motivations of Some TEFL NETS
4 A Return to Voluntourism: Motivations and Connotations
5 Cultural Misunderstandings
6 Why Do Students Travel to Learn English? Travelling Overseas to Study the Tongue
7 Akogare and Travel Abroad to Acquire English
8 Another Perspective on akogare. Reverse Sex Tourism in Nepal: Desiring English Is Desiring Sexual Relationships with Western Women – and More
5 Sexualisation, Sexual Commodification, and Sexism in the TEFL Industry
1 A Slight Digression
2 Using Sex to Promote the English Language Business in the Advertising and Online Marketing of Non-Western Language and Tuition Centres
3 Teaching English as a Foreign Language through Sex
4 Further Examples of Sexualised TEFL Learning Resources
6 English as a Sexualised Language: Sexism, and Gender Imbalance in EFL Textbooks
1 Is English Inherently a Sexist Language?
2 Sexism and Gender Imbalance in TEFL Textbooks, an Avenue for Sexual Exploitation? An Overview
3 How Western Produced EFL Textbooks Are Perceived in Non-Western Climes
4 Do Gender Biased EFL Textbooks Link to Potential Sexual Harassment and Predation?
5 TEFL Textbooks also Reinforce English Cultural and Language Imperialism
6 A Summary So Far
7 Serious Sexual Harassment
1 Male Student Harassment of Both White and ‘Non-White’ Women Teachers of English as a Foreign Language. Local Male Staff Are also Sometimes Involved. Male Student Harassment of Fellow Female EFL Students
2 A ‘Major Component’ of Direct Sexual Harassment in TEFL, Is Carried Out by Male NETS and LETS against Their – Often Barely – Adult Students, and Sometimes also Their Teaching Peers (as in the Enomoto Reference in the ‘Victim Chart’ above)
3 Males Employed in the TEFL Industry Sexually Harassing Women at TEFL Conferences, and, Separately, via Their TEFL Managerial Roles
4 The Sexual Harassment and Predation of EFL Students Who Travel Overseas to Study the Tongue
5 Sexual Harassment of Overseas Women Teachers of EFL, by Locals
6 Yet Another Area of Concern Relates to the Serious Sexual Harassment – Including Rape – of Female (Developmental) Aid Workers in Overseas Locations, Including, of Course, Their Teachers of English as a Foreign Language
7 Teaching English as a Missionary Language: TEML
8 Sex Tourism and TEFL/Glorification of Sexual ‘Conquests’ by (Some) NETS
1 Some Caveats
2 Local Conditions
3 TEFL Teachers and Sex Tourism
4 Local Attitudes towards Foreign NETS
9 EFL ‘Teachers’ as Travelling Child Sex Offenders
1 TCSO: Terminologies – Situational and Preferential Offenders
2 The Preferential TCSO ‘Teaching’ EFL
3 The TCSO and TEFL Voluntourism and Orphanage Tourism
4 TCSO and TEFL in and Outside ‘Schools’/‘Tuition’ Centres
5 Newspaper Reports on TEFL TCSO
6 Alleged, Arrested, Charged, and Convicted Travelling/Transnational (Child) Sex Offenders Who ‘Taught’ EFL Overseas
7 English Language Sexual Imperialism (ELSI) Redux
10 Sexualised Murders Associated with TEFL
1 Developmental Aid Workers Who Teach English Overseas, Such as in the Peace Corps
2 Women English Language Teachers (NETS) Who Go Overseas to Teach the Language
3 English Language Students Who Travel Overseas to Study the Tongue
4 Murders of Students/Locals by TCSO NET Males Who Travel Overseas to ‘Teach’
11 Loopholes: Why Combatting Sexual Predation in TEFL Is Not a Simple Issue
1 Local Issues That Contribute to Sexual Predation within TEFL
2 Lack of (Local) Background Checking and Vetting of ‘Teachers’
3 Exporting Countries: Issues with Allowing Sex Offenders to Travel
12 Combatting Sexual Predation in TEFL
1 Countries Striving to Close Any Loopholes
2 What Else Is Being Done about Cases of Sexual Predation in the TEFL Industry?
3 Organisations/NGO s Who Combat the Sexual Predation of Children by TCSO
4 Professional ELT Bodies
5 Unfortunately, Even with Some Progress, There Still Will Be Problems
6 What Needs to Be Done More Broadly?
Conclusion: Summary and Suggested Solutions
1 The ‘Solution’
2 Another Counter: Address These Sexual Offences in TEFL
3 Other Measures
4 Final Remarks
Appendix A: Travelling/Transnational (Child) Sex Offenders Who ‘Taught’ EFL Overseas – Alleged and Convicted
Appendix B: Further Online Blogs Concerning Offensive TEFL NETS – Excerpts: The Following Blog Extracts Are Self-Explanatory, and Revelatory about How Some Tefl Nets Are Perceived
1 English ‘Teaching’ in Bangkok
2 Pedophiles Destroying Views about Teaching Overseas
3 Teaching English in Thailand
4 Two Types of TEFL NETS
5 My Own Encounters with TEFL Sex Tourists and TCSO (Rapatahana, 2023)
Index
List of Figures
Introduction: Sexual Predation and TEFL—Teaching of English as a Foreign Language
1 The Locations Where Sexual Predation in TEFL Occurs
2 The Ascending Scale of Sexual Predation in the TEFL Industry
3 What and Where Is Sexual Exploitation, Harassment, and Predation?
4 The Size of the Problem
5 Methodology of This Book
6 Where Is the Literature?
7 An Outline of the Structure of This Book
1 The English Language Hydra
1 The Pull Factors behind the Hydra
2 The Push Factors behind the Hydra
3 Linguistic Imperialism Redux
4 The Us vs Them Power Schism
5 More Hydra Myths
6 The Hydra as Enabler of Sexual Imperialism
7 Coda: What Is This English Anyway?
2 Native-Speaking English Teachers (NETS)
1 White NETS
2 NET Opposition to Criticisms
3 What about Local English Teachers (LETS) of EFL as Agents of Sexual Predation? What about Expatriate Teachers of Other Subjects?
4 A Summary So Far
3 Aid Agencies, Voluntourism, Orphanage Tourism and TEFL
4 The Attraction of Teaching and Learning English Overseas
1 Why TEFL NETS Travel. What Draws Them to Do So?
2 Definitions and Motivations of NETS
3 The Sexual Motivations of Some TEFL NETS
4 A Return to Voluntourism: Motivations and Connotations
5 Cultural Misunderstandings
6 Why Do Students Travel to Learn English? Travelling Overseas to Study the Tongue
7 Akogare and Travel Abroad to Acquire English
8 Another Perspective on akogare. Reverse Sex Tourism in Nepal: Desiring English Is Desiring Sexual Relationships with Western Women – and More
5 Sexualisation, Sexual Commodification, and Sexism in the TEFL Industry
1 A Slight Digression
2 Using Sex to Promote the English Language Business in the Advertising and Online Marketing of Non-Western Language and Tuition Centres
3 Teaching English as a Foreign Language through Sex
4 Further Examples of Sexualised TEFL Learning Resources
6 English as a Sexualised Language: Sexism, and Gender Imbalance in EFL Textbooks
1 Is English Inherently a Sexist Language?
2 Sexism and Gender Imbalance in TEFL Textbooks, an Avenue for Sexual Exploitation? An Overview
3 How Western Produced EFL Textbooks Are Perceived in Non-Western Climes
4 Do Gender Biased EFL Textbooks Link to Potential Sexual Harassment and Predation?
5 TEFL Textbooks also Reinforce English Cultural and Language Imperialism
6 A Summary So Far
7 Serious Sexual Harassment
1 Male Student Harassment of Both White and ‘Non-White’ Women Teachers of English as a Foreign Language. Local Male Staff Are also Sometimes Involved. Male Student Harassment of Fellow Female EFL Students
2 A ‘Major Component’ of Direct Sexual Harassment in TEFL, Is Carried Out by Male NETS and LETS against Their – Often Barely – Adult Students, and Sometimes also Their Teaching Peers (as in the Enomoto Reference in the ‘Victim Chart’ above)
3 Males Employed in the TEFL Industry Sexually Harassing Women at TEFL Conferences, and, Separately, via Their TEFL Managerial Roles
4 The Sexual Harassment and Predation of EFL Students Who Travel Overseas to Study the Tongue
5 Sexual Harassment of Overseas Women Teachers of EFL, by Locals
6 Yet Another Area of Concern Relates to the Serious Sexual Harassment – Including Rape – of Female (Developmental) Aid Workers in Overseas Locations, Including, of Course, Their Teachers of English as a Foreign Language
7 Teaching English as a Missionary Language: TEML
8 Sex Tourism and TEFL/Glorification of Sexual ‘Conquests’ by (Some) NETS
1 Some Caveats
2 Local Conditions
3 TEFL Teachers and Sex Tourism
4 Local Attitudes towards Foreign NETS
9 EFL ‘Teachers’ as Travelling Child Sex Offenders
1 TCSO: Terminologies – Situational and Preferential Offenders
2 The Preferential TCSO ‘Teaching’ EFL
3 The TCSO and TEFL Voluntourism and Orphanage Tourism
4 TCSO and TEFL in and Outside ‘Schools’/‘Tuition’ Centres
5 Newspaper Reports on TEFL TCSO
6 Alleged, Arrested, Charged, and Convicted Travelling/Transnational (Child) Sex Offenders Who ‘Taught’ EFL Overseas
7 English Language Sexual Imperialism (ELSI) Redux
10 Sexualised Murders Associated with TEFL
1 Developmental Aid Workers Who Teach English Overseas, Such as in the Peace Corps
2 Women English Language Teachers (NETS) Who Go Overseas to Teach the Language
3 English Language Students Who Travel Overseas to Study the Tongue
4 Murders of Students/Locals by TCSO NET Males Who Travel Overseas to ‘Teach’
11 Loopholes: Why Combatting Sexual Predation in TEFL Is Not a Simple Issue
1 Local Issues That Contribute to Sexual Predation within TEFL
2 Lack of (Local) Background Checking and Vetting of ‘Teachers’
3 Exporting Countries: Issues with Allowing Sex Offenders to Travel
12 Combatting Sexual Predation in TEFL
1 Countries Striving to Close Any Loopholes
2 What Else Is Being Done about Cases of Sexual Predation in the TEFL Industry?
3 Organisations/NGO s Who Combat the Sexual Predation of Children by TCSO
4 Professional ELT Bodies
5 Unfortunately, Even with Some Progress, There Still Will Be Problems
6 What Needs to Be Done More Broadly?
Conclusion: Summary and Suggested Solutions
1 The ‘Solution’
2 Another Counter: Address These Sexual Offences in TEFL
3 Other Measures
4 Final Remarks
Appendix A: Travelling/Transnational (Child) Sex Offenders Who ‘Taught’ EFL Overseas – Alleged and Convicted
Appendix B: Further Online Blogs Concerning Offensive TEFL NETS – Excerpts: The Following Blog Extracts Are Self-Explanatory, and Revelatory about How Some Tefl Nets Are Perceived
1 English ‘Teaching’ in Bangkok
2 Pedophiles Destroying Views about Teaching Overseas
3 Teaching English in Thailand
4 Two Types of TEFL NETS
5 My Own Encounters with TEFL Sex Tourists and TCSO (Rapatahana, 2023)
Index