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The Call of the Wild

Autor Jack London
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 30 sep 2024 – vârsta până la 11 ani
The Call of the Wild is a novel by Jack London published in 1903. The story is set in the Yukon during the 1890s Klondike Gold Rush---a period in which strong sled dogs were in high demand. The novel's central character is a dog named Buck, a domesticated dog living at a ranch in the Santa Clara Valley of California as the story opens. Stolen from his home and sold into service as sled dog in Alaska, he reverts to a wild state. Buck is forced to fight in order to dominate other dogs in a harsh climate. Eventually he sheds the veneer of civilization, relying on primordial instincts and learned experience to emerge as a leader in the wild.
London lived for most of a year in the Yukon collecting material for the book. The story was serialized in the Saturday Evening Post in the summer of 1903; a month later it was released in book form. The novel's great popularity and success made a reputation for London. Much of its appeal derives from the simplicity of this tale of survival. As early as 1908 the story was adapted to film and it has since seen several more cinematic adaptations.
Background
By 1897, California native Jack London had traveled around the United States as a hobo, returned to California to finish high school (he dropped out at age 14), and spent a year in college at Berkeley. He then traveled to the Klondike by way of Alaska during the height of the Klondike Gold Rush, later saying of the experience: "It was in the Klondike I found myself." Leaving California in July, he traveled to Dyea, where he went inland. To reach the gold fields, he and his party transported their gear over the Chilkoot Pass, often carrying on their backs loads of up to 100 pounds (45 kg). They staked claims to eight gold mines along the Stewart River.
London stayed in the Klondike for almost a year. He lived for a time in the frontier town of Dawson City, before moving to a nearby winter camp, where he spent the winter reading books he had brought: Charles Darwin's The Origin of the Species; and John Milton's Paradise Lost. In the winter of 1898, Dawson City (today mostly deserted) was a city with about 30,000 miners, a saloon, an opera house, and a street of brothels.
In the spring of 1898, as the annual gold stampeders began to stream into the area, London left. He had contracted scurvy, common in the Arctic winters, where fresh produce was unavailable. When London's gums began to swell he decided to return to California. With his companions, he rafted 2,000 miles (3,200 km) down the Yukon River, through portions of the wildest territory in the region, until they reached St. Michael, where he hired himself out on a boat and returned to San Francisco.
In Alaska, London found material that inspired him to write the novella The Call of the Wild. Dyea Beach was the primary point of arrival for miners at the time London visited, but without a harbor access was treacherous, so Skagway became the new arrival point. From there, to reach the Klondike prospectors had to navigate the White Pass, which became known as "Dead Horse Pass," with horse carcasses littering the route; it was too steep and harsh for them to survive the ascent. Dogs began to replace horses to transport material over the pass, and at this time strong dogs with thick fur were "much desired, scarce and high in price."
London would have seen many dogs, especially prized Husky sled dogs, in Dawson City and in winter camps close to the main sled route. He became friends with Marshall Latham Bond and his brother Louis Whitford Bond, who owned a mixed St. Bernard-Scotch Collie dog; in a letter to his friend London later wrote: "Yes, Buck is based on your dog at Dawson." Beinecke Library at Yale University holds a photograph of Bond's dog, taken during London's stay in the Klondike in 1897. The depiction of the California ranch in the beginning of the story was based on the Bond family ranch.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781382055468
ISBN-10: 1382055463
Pagini: 176
Greutate: 0.17 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press, USA

Notă biografică

Jack London wurde am 12. Januar 1876 in San Francisco als John Griffith Chaney geboren und starb am 22. November 1916 in Glen Ellen in Kalifornien. Er war ein US-amerikanischer Schriftsteller und Journalist.

London wurde als uneheliches Kind einer Frau aus gutem Hause und eines unsteten Astrologen und Wanderpredigers geboren, der die Vaterschaft abstritt. Als seine Mutter den Geschäftsmann John London heiratete, nahm dieser ihn als seinen Sohn an.

Da der Stiefvater Invalide wurde, wuchs London in ärmlichen Verhältnissen auf und musste schon in seiner Kindheit Geld verdienen. Mit 14 brach er die Schule ab und lief weg. Er begann ein Leben als Landstreicher, Abenteurer und Matrose. 1895 absolvierte er nachträglich seinen Abschluss auf der High School und besuchte dann die Universität von Berkeley. Sein Studium beendete er nicht.

1897 brach London stattdessen zum großen Goldrausch nach Klondike auf - jedoch erfolglos. Zurück in Kalifornien gelang ihm der Durchbruch als Schriftsteller, und er heiratete seine erste Frau, mit der er zwei Kinder bekam. Schon nach vier Jahren folgte die Scheidung und London brach mit seiner Yacht zu Abenteuerreisen nach Hawaii und Australien auf. 1905 heiratete er erneut und führte bis zu seinem Tod eine glückliche Ehe. 1910 zog das Paar auf eine Ranch, die London als sein eigentliches Lebenswerk betrachtete. Seine letzten Jahre waren allerdings geprägt von Depressionen und Alkoholkonsum.

London verfasste ab 1900 hunderte von Romanen, Kurzgeschichten und Reportagen, die auch Vorlage für zahlreiche Verfilmungen wurden. Darunter die Welterfolge "The Call of the Wild", "The Sea-Wolf" und "White Fang". Sein Hauptthema: die Spannung zwischen Natur und Kultur.

Jack London starb im Alter von 40 Jahren am 22. November 1916 auf seiner Ranch an akutem Nierenversagen, doch auch über Selbstmord wird bis heute spekuliert.

Cuprins

Contents
INTRODUCTION
BÂTARD
THE CALL OF THE WILD
1. Into the Primitive
2. The Law of Club and Fang
3. The Dominant Primordial Beast
4. Who Has Won to Mastership
5. The Toil of Trace and Trail
6. For the Love of a Man
7. The Sounding of the Call

BIOGRAPHICAL BACKGROUND
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
LITERARY ALLUSIONS AND NOTES
CRITICAL EXCERPTS
SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING

Descriere

Descriere de la o altă ediție sau format:

Buck, a loving and docile St. Bernard mix becomes forcibly changed when he is nabbed from his home in sunny California and sold into service as an Alaskan sled dog.

Forced to endure the harsh climate of the Yukon backcountry, Buck becomes progressively more savage in an effort to stay alive among the other dogs in the pack. Relying on primal instincts, Buck emerges as an intimidating and fearless leader in the wild.

Jack London's most famous tale is a stark reminder of how important it is to trust one's instincts. Though examined through the eyes of a dog, The Call of The Wild is a tale far greater than that of a life lived on four paws. London's intention is clear: When faced with dire and inhumane conditions, there is nothing left to do but revert to a wild state fight to stay alive.

With a new note about the author, and a cleanly typeset manuscript, this edition of London's poignant tale resonates just as profoundly as when it was originally published in 1903. A new film adaptation of this novel starring Harrison Ford and Omar Sy released in 2020.


Textul de pe ultima copertă

A best-seller from its first publication in 1903, The Call of the Wild tells the story of Buck, a big mongrel dog who is shipped from his comfortable life in California to Alaska, where he must adapt to the harsh life of a sled dog during the Klondike Gold Rush. The narrative recounts Buck’s brutal obedience training, his struggle to meet the demands of human masters, and his rise to the position of lead sled dog as a result of his superior physical and mental qualities. Finally, Buck is free to respond to the “call” of the wilderness. Over a hundred years after its publication, Jack London’s “dog story” retains the enduring appeal of a classic.

This Broadview Edition includes a critical introduction that explores London’s life and legacy and the complex scientific and psychological ideas drawn upon by London in writing the story. The appendices include material on the Klondike, Darwin’s writings on dogs, other contemporary writings on instinct and atavism, and maps of the regions in which the story takes place.