This book presents an in-depth description of the field of neuroscience by elaborating essential theories and concepts. This field embraces not only physiological and anatomical analyses but also computer science, biochemistry, and biology. Several other significant fields for neuroscientific research include psychiatry, psychology, neurology and additional current ones, like social neuroscience and neuroeconomics. Various topics in neuroscience are encompassed in this all-inclusive book including cellular, cognitive, computational, and clinical neuroscience. The latest developments in particular areas like social neuroscience, which is comparatively a novel field that analyzes the neural basis of social interplays, are also illustrated in this book. There is extensive information which focuses on technological advancements like optical tools to analyze the function of the brain. The book consists of latest contributions made by veteran scientists and researchers from across the globe.