This book includes nine chapters that detail recent advancements in environmental research. Chapter One studies the deposition of chemical elements in the territory of Kosovo using the technique of mosses as biomonitors. Chapter Two investigates how exposure time affects the moss uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), compares different techniques for the determination of PAHs in moss samples, and provides an overview of advantages of moss over other biomonitors. Chapter Three provides an overview of rare earth element distribution in moss and soil samples collected from 67 sites in North Macedonia. Chapter Four explains the occurrence and remediation of acid mine drainage. Chapter Five includes a literature review concerning public-private partnerships in connection with environmental sustainability. Chapter Six quantifies pollutant emissions during commutes in Quertaro, Mexico. Chapter Seven investigates spatiotemporal drought monitoring using soil water in arid rangelands. Chapter Eight discusses the main factors controlling acid mine drainage generation and the various technologies applied for removal of toxic metals from acidic drainages. Finally, Chapter Nine proposes that hydroponics and environmental control using plant factories are effective methods for enhancing the functionality and utilization of prickly pear.