In this issue of Clinics in Perinatology, guest editors Drs. Ann Chahroudi and Avy Violari bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Perinatal HIV. The goal of perinatal HIV transmission elimination requires assuring prenatal care, HIV screening, and treatment during pregnancy. This important issue addresses critical clinical topics such as clinical care, prevention, and research to provide a state-of-the-art review of this topic.